Iudex
Judge
A iudex is a judge in Roman law who decides a dispute on the basis of a formula issued by the praetor.
In classical Roman law, the iudex served as a private judge appointed by the praetor to resolve a specific civil dispute. The iudex was furnished with a formula, a written instruction that defined the legal issue and the possible outcomes of condemnation or acquittal.
This system was distinct from the later extraordinaria cognitio, in which an official rendered judgment in person. The iudex’s role was confined to adjudicating within the limits of the formula.
The institution of the iudex is significant for the development of European procedural law and continues to be discussed in legal scholarship and in the interpretation of historical legal sources studied in the Netherlands.
“The praetor appointed an iudex to render judgment in the dispute between the plaintiff and the defendant on the basis of the formula.”
Related terms
Need legal advice?
Schedule a free consultation with one of our specialists