Conclusie van dupliek

The rejoinder constitutes the final stage of the written phase in civil proceedings. In it, the defendant responds to the new facts and arguments advanced by the plaintiff in the reply.

This procedural step is relevant because the parties are thereafter generally permitted only to plead orally and may no longer introduce new contentions. The court bases its judgment in part on the contents of the rejoinder.

In practice, the rejoinder is frequently used to contest incorrect or incomplete representations of the facts and to make a final attempt to have the claim dismissed.