Legal Glossary

IE-rechten

Intellectual Property Rights

Rights protecting the creator or inventor of intellectual creations.

IPR

Private international law

The field of law determining which law applies to international private law relationships.

ISD-maatregel

ISD measure

The measure of placement in an institution for habitual offenders.

Identificatieplicht

Identification Obligation

Legal obligation to be able to identify oneself with a valid identity document.

Identiteitsvaststelling

Identity Verification

Establishing a person's identity using documents or biometric data.

Immateriële schade

Non-Pecuniary Damage

Damage not expressible in monetary terms, such as pain, suffering, and lost enjoyment of life.

Immateriële schade

Non-pecuniary damage

Non-pecuniary damage is compensation for non-financial suffering, such as pain, grief or psychological distress, endured by a victim as a result of a tortious act.

Immateriële schadevergoeding

Non-Pecuniary Damages

Compensation for damage not consisting of financial loss, such as pain and suffering.

Immigratierecht EU

EU Immigration Law

EU legislation on the admission and residence of third-country nationals.

Impasse

impasse

An impasse is a deadlock in negotiations or decision-making in which the parties are unable to reach agreement and further progress becomes impossible.

Implementatie EU

EU Implementation

Transposition of EU directives into national law by member states.

Impliciete voorwaarden

Implied Terms

Contractual terms not expressly agreed but arising from the agreement.

In absentia

In absentia is a Latin term denoting legal proceedings or a judgment that take place in the absence of the defendant or a party.

In casu

In the present case

"In casu" is a Latin term meaning "in this case" or "in the matter at hand". It refers to the specific facts and circumstances of the case before the court.

In dubio pro reo

When in doubt, favor the accused.

The principle of in dubio pro reo provides that any doubt as to the guilt of the accused must be resolved in the accused’s favor. This results in an acquittal where the evidence is insufficiently convincing.

In extenso

In full.

The Latin expression "in extenso" denotes that a text, quotation or document is reproduced in full and without any omissions.

In flagrante delicto

in the very act of committing the offense

In flagrante delicto is a Latin term denoting the apprehension of a suspect in the act of committing an offence.

In limine

At the threshold

A motion in limine is a preliminary motion by which the court is asked to exclude certain evidence or arguments before the principal proceedings commence.

In personam

in personam

An in personam claim is a legal action directed against a specific person to enforce a personal obligation, such as payment or performance.

In rem

In rem refers to a legal claim or right directed against a thing or property, rather than against a person.

Inboedelverzekering

Contents Insurance

Insurance covering household contents against damage or theft.

Inbreng in natura

Contribution in Kind

Contribution of goods instead of money upon incorporation or capital increase.

Inbreuk

Infringement

Violation of an intellectual property right or other exclusive right.

Inbreukmakend

Infringing

Qualification of an act or product violating an exclusive right.

Inbreukprocedure

Infringement Proceedings

Court proceedings against an infringer of intellectual property rights.

Incasso

Collection

Debt collection is the process of recovering outstanding claims by a creditor or a collection agency. This is effected through amicable or judicial measures.

Incasso kort geding

Summary Proceedings for Debt Collection

An incasso kort geding is an expedited judicial procedure by which a creditor may swiftly obtain an enforceable title from the preliminary relief judge for payment of an outstanding claim.

Incassokosten

Collection costs

Collection costs are the expenses incurred by a creditor in recovering an outstanding claim from a defaulting debtor. These costs may be passed on to the debtor subject to certain conditions.

Incassotraject

Debt collection process

The debt collection process is the procedure by which a creditor seeks to recover outstanding claims through formal demands for payment and, where necessary, legal measures.

Incassowet 2012

Debt Collection Act 2012

The Incasso Act 2012 is the Dutch legislation that sets the maximum extrajudicial collection costs and protects debtors against excessive claims.

Incident

Interlocutory Application

Interim request in pending proceedings concerning a procedural issue.

Incidenteel appel

Cross-Appeal

Appeal filed by the respondent in response to the appellant's appeal.

Incidenteel hoger beroep

Incidental Appeal

Synonym for cross-appeal: appeal by the respondent.

Incorporatieleer

Incorporation theory

The incorporation doctrine is a principle of private international law according to which the legal form, formation and internal relations of a company are governed by the law of the country in which the company was incorporated.

Indemniteitsbeginsel

Indemnity Principle

Insurance law principle that the payout may not exceed actual damage.

Indeplaatsstelling

Subrogation

Substitution is the replacement of a party to an agreement or obligation by another party, whereby the original party withdraws from the legal relationship.

Indexering

Indexation

Adjustment of amounts to the development of a price index.

Indexering alimentatie

Maintenance indexation

Annual, legally mandatory increase of child and partner maintenance by a percentage set by the minister, to keep pace with inflation.

Indexeringsclausule

Indexation Clause

Contractual provision for periodic adjustment of amounts to a price index.

Indiening vordering

Filing of Claim

Submitting a claim or demand to a court or authority.

Informatieplicht

Duty to Inform

Obligation to provide relevant information to the other party.

Informatierecht

Right to Information

Right of a person to receive information from government or other bodies.

Informatieverplichting

Information Obligation

Legal or contractual duty to provide certain data.

Informatieverplichting gefailleerde

Bankrupt's Information Obligation

Obligation of the bankrupt to provide the trustee with all requested information.

Informed consent

Informed Consent

Patient's consent to medical treatment after adequate information.

Informele aanpak

Informal Approach

Administrative law approach preferring consultation over formal enforcement.

Ingebrekestelling

Notice of Default

A notice of default is a formal written demand by which a creditor places the debtor in default for non-performance of an obligation.

Ingebrekestelling bestuursrecht

Notice of Default in Administrative Law

Written notice to an administrative body that has not decided in time.

Inkomensafhankelijke huurverhoging

Income-Dependent Rent Increase

Rent increase dependent on the tenant's household income.

Inkoop aandelen

Share Buyback

Acquisition by a company of its own shares.

Inkoop van aandelen

Repurchase of shares

The repurchase of shares is the acquisition by the company of its own shares from its shareholders.

Inlenersaansprakelijkheid

Hirer's Liability

Liability of the hirer for wage tax and contributions of hired-in personnel.

Inloop

Walk-in session

A freely accessible consultation hour at a court or legal institution.

Inschaling

Salary grading

The classification of an employee in a salary scale.

Inschattingsfout

Misjudgment

An incorrect assessment of facts or circumstances with legal consequences.

Inschrijving

Registration

The formal recording in a public register, such as the Trade Register or Land Registry.

Insolventie

Insolvency

The state in which a debtor is no longer able to pay their debts.

Insolventieregister

Insolvency register

The public register where bankruptcies, moratoriums, and debt restructurings are published.

Inspanningsverplichting

Best-efforts obligation

An obligation to make sufficient effort, without guaranteeing the result.

Inspraak

Public participation

The right of citizens to express their opinion on proposed government decisions.

Instructie

Instruction

A directive or order from an authorized person or body.

Instructiebevoegdheid

Right of instruction

The employer's authority to give directives to the employee.

Intellectueel eigendom

Intellectual property

Rights over creations of the human mind, such as inventions, trademarks, and copyrighted works.

Intellectueel eigendomsrecht

Intellectual Property Law

Intellectual property law is the area of law that governs the protection of creations of the human mind, such as inventions, works and trademarks.

Intellectuele creatie

Intellectual creation

An original work bearing the personal stamp of its creator.

Intentieverklaring

Letter of Intent

A letter of intent is a document in which the parties express their intention to enter into an agreement, without it being legally binding.

Inter partes

Between the parties

Inter partes is a Latin term meaning “between the parties”. It refers to legal consequences that apply exclusively between the parties involved and not against third parties.

Interim-bestuurder

Interim director

A temporarily appointed director of a legal entity.

Interim-dividend

Interim dividend

An interim dividend is a distribution of profits to shareholders during the financial year, prior to adoption of the annual accounts.

Internationaal depot

International deposit

An application for trademark protection in multiple countries through a single registration.

Internationale bevoegdheid

International jurisdiction

The authority of a court to hear a case with an international element.

Internationale handel

International trade

The cross-border exchange of goods and services.

Interne draagplicht

Internal contribution obligation

The distribution of the damage burden among jointly and severally liable debtors.

Interne markt

Internal market

The European area without internal borders with free movement of persons, goods, services, and capital.

Interventie

Intervention

The joining or intervening in ongoing court proceedings by a third party.

Intrekking faillissement

Annulment of bankruptcy

The termination of a bankruptcy through annulment or reversal.

Intrekking van aandelen

Cancellation of shares

The cancellation of shares is the legal act whereby a company withdraws its own shares from the issued capital, thereby reducing the share capital.

Intrekking vergunning

Revocation of permit

The reversal by an administrative body of a previously granted permit.

Intuitu personae

In consideration of the person

Intuitu personae means that a contract or juridical act has been entered into in consideration of the personal qualities or attributes of the counterparty.

Inval

Raid

An unannounced visit by law enforcement to a location for investigation.

Invaliditeit

Invalidity

The state of long-term incapacity for work due to illness or disability.

Inverzekeringstelling

Remand in custody

The detention of a suspect as part of pre-trial custody.

Investeringsbeslissing

Investment decision

A decision to allocate capital to a business asset or project.

Investeringsovereenkomst

Investment agreement

An agreement setting out the terms for an investment in an enterprise.

Ipso facto

By the very fact itself.

Ipso facto is a Latin term meaning "by the very fact itself" and refers to a legal consequence that arises automatically without any further act or declaration.

Ipso facto bepalingen

Ipso facto clauses

Ipso facto provisions are contractual clauses that automatically terminate or modify an agreement upon the occurrence of a specified event, such as bankruptcy, without any further action being required.

Ipso iure

By operation of law.

Ipso iure is a Latin term meaning “by operation of law” and denoting that a legal consequence arises automatically by operation of law, without any further act or declaration being required.

Iudex

Judge

A iudex is a judge in Roman law who decides a dispute on the basis of a formula issued by the praetor.

Ius

Law

Ius is the Latin term for law, which may denote both the objective legal system and a subjective right.

Ius in re

Right in a thing

Ius in re is a Latin term for a right in rem: a right that confers upon the holder direct and absolute authority over a thing.