Legal Glossary

ROZ-model

ROZ Model

Standard lease agreement drafted by the Real Estate Council.

Raad van Europa

Council of Europe

International organisation for the protection of human rights and democracy in Europe.

Raad van State

Council of State

High council of state that advises on legislation and decides administrative disputes.

Raad van bestuur

Executive Board

The executive management of a company or institution.

Raad van commissarissen

Raad voor de Kinderbescherming

Child Protection Board

Government body that protects children's interests in legal proceedings.

Raadkamer

Council Chamber

Closed session of the court for hearing certain applications.

Raadsman

Defence Counsel

Lawyer who assists a suspect in a criminal case.

Raamovereenkomst

Rang van een vordering

Rank of a Claim

The position of a claim in the ranking of creditors.

Rangorde

Ranking

The order in which creditors are satisfied in execution or bankruptcy.

Rangregeling

Ranking Procedure

Judicial procedure to establish the ranking of creditors.

Ratificatie

Ratification

Formal approval of an international treaty by a state.

Ratio decidendi

Ratio legis

Re-integratieplicht

Reintegration Obligation

The obligation of employer and employee to work toward return after illness.

Reanimatie

Resuscitation

Medical action to restore heartbeat and breathing, legally relevant for advance directives.

Rebus sic stantibus

Recht aan order

Recht van overpad

Rechtbank

District Court

The judicial body that rules in first instance on civil, criminal, and administrative cases.

Rechtbank (insolventie)

Insolvency Court

The court competent to declare bankruptcies and debt restructurings.

Rechter-commissaris (faillissement)

Supervisory Judge (Bankruptcy)

Judge who supervises the administration and liquidation of a bankruptcy.

Rechtmatige daad

Lawful Act

An act that is in accordance with the law and does not have an unlawful character.

Rechtmatigheid

Lawfulness

The quality of an act or decision being in accordance with the law.

Rechtsbijstand

Legal Aid

Professional legal assistance in the handling of legal interests.

Rechtsbijstand in strafzaken

Legal Aid in Criminal Cases

The right to legal assistance by a lawyer in criminal cases.

Rechtsbijstandverzekering

Legal Expenses Insurance

Insurance that covers the costs of legal assistance.

Rechtsbronnen

Sources of Law

The sources from which law originates, such as legislation, treaties, and case law.

Rechtsgebied

Legal Domain

A defined area of law, such as private law or criminal law.

Rechtsgevolg

Rechtsgrond

Rechtshulp

Mutual Legal Assistance

Mutual legal assistance between states in criminal proceedings.

Rechtshulpverdrag

Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty

Treaty between states on mutual legal assistance in criminal matters.

Rechtsmacht

Rechtsmiddel

Legal Remedy

Means by which a party can challenge a judicial decision.

Rechtsmiddelen curator

Trustee's Legal Remedies

The trustee's powers to file legal remedies on behalf of the estate.

Rechtspersoon

Rechtspersoonlijkheid

Legal Personality

The quality enabling an entity to be a bearer of rights and obligations.

Rechtspleging

Administration of Justice

The manner in which law is applied and enforced by judicial authorities.

Rechtspraak

Judiciary

The totality of judicial institutions and their rulings.

Rechtstreekse werking

Direct Effect

The principle that provisions of treaties or EU law directly confer rights on individuals.

Rechtsverhouding

Legal Relationship

A relationship between two or more persons governed by law.

Rechtsverkrachting

Rechtsverwerking

Rechtszekerheid

Legal Certainty

The principle that the law must be predictable, accessible, and stable.

Recidive

Recidivism

The commission of a criminal offense after a prior conviction.

Reclameren

Reconventie

Counterclaim

A counterclaim filed by the defendant against the plaintiff in the same proceedings.

Recreatiewoning

Holiday Home

A dwelling intended for recreational stay and not for permanent habitation.

Rectificatie

Reddingspoging

Rescue Attempt

An attempt to mitigate damage or come to the aid of a person in distress.

Redelijk vermoeden

Reasonable Suspicion

Suspicion based on facts and circumstances that a criminal offense has been committed.

Redelijke kosten

Reasonable Costs

Costs that are proportionate to the purpose for which they are incurred.

Redelijkheid en billijkheid

Referte

Reference

Reference to a position or decision without expressing agreement or disagreement.

Reflexwerking

Reformatio in peius

Reformatio in Peius

The prohibition of receiving a worse outcome on appeal than at first instance.

Regiebasis

Regieovereenkomst

Register

A public or official record in which certain legal facts are recorded.

Registerplicht

Registration Obligation

Legal obligation to register certain data in a register.

Registratiesysteem

Registration System

An organized system for recording and storing data.

Regres

Recourse

The right to recover paid damages or costs from a third party.

Regresmogelijkheid

Possibility of Recourse

The possibility of recovering paid amounts from a co-debtor.

Regresrecht

Right of Recourse

The statutory right to recover paid damages from the liable party.

Regresvordering

Rehabilitatie

Rehabilitation

Restoration of rights and reputation after a criminal conviction.

Reisovereenkomst

Travel Agreement

Agreement whereby a travel organizer undertakes to provide a journey.

Rekening en verantwoording

Account and Justification

The obligation to render account for management conducted.

Rekening-courant

Current Account

Bank account for daily payment transactions.

Rekening-courant in faillissement

Current Account in Bankruptcy

The treatment of current account relationships in bankruptcy.

Rekest

Petition

A petition addressed to a judicial authority.

Relatiebeding

Relatieve bevoegdheid

Relative Jurisdiction

Determines which court within a certain legal domain has jurisdiction.

Relatieve competentie

Relative Competence

The jurisdiction of a particular court based on geographical criteria.

Relativiteitsbeginsel

Relativiteitsvereiste

Relativity Requirement

Requirement that the violated norm serves to protect the injured party.

Renovatie

Renovation

Major improvement or renewal of a building or dwelling.

Rente

Interest

Compensation for the use of money over a certain period.

Rentegratie

Reintegration

The process of an employee returning to the work process after illness or disability.

Renvooiprocedure

Reorganisatie

Reorganization

Fundamental change in the structure or organization of an enterprise.

Reorganisatie in faillissement

Reorganization in Bankruptcy

Restructuring of an enterprise within the framework of bankruptcy proceedings.

Reorganisatiewaarde

Repertorium

Repertory

Register maintained by a notary or bailiff of executed deeds.

Repliek

Reply

The plaintiff's written response to the statement of defense.

Reproductie

Reproduction

The multiplication of a work within the framework of copyright law.

Reproductierecht

Right of Reproduction

The exclusive right of the creator to reproduce their work.

Reprorecht

Reputatieschade

Requisitoir

Closing Speech by Prosecution

The closing argument of the public prosecutor in a criminal case.

Res

Res iudicata

Res nullius

Reservefonds

Reserve Fund

Fund maintained for future expenses or unforeseen costs.

Reservering

Reservation

Setting aside funds or resources for a specific purpose.

Restitutie

Restitution

Return of a previously paid amount or delivered performance.

Restitutierisico

Resultaatsverplichting

Obligation of Result

Obligation whereby the debtor must achieve a specific result.

Retentie

Retention

The right to retain another's property until a claim is satisfied.

Retentierecht

Retentierecht in faillissement

Right of Retention in Bankruptcy

The operation of the right of retention upon the debtor's bankruptcy.

Retrocessie

Revalidatie

Rehabilitation

Medical treatment aimed at restoring physical or mental functions.

Richtlijn

Directive

EU legal act that obliges member states to achieve a certain result.

Rijden onder invloed

Driving Under the Influence

Operating a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or drugs.

Rijksoverheid

Central Government

The central government of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

Risicoaansprakelijkheid

Strict Liability

Liability that exists regardless of fault or culpability.

Risicoaansprakelijkheid

Risicoaanvaarding

Assumption of Risk

Consciously accepting a risk, which may limit liability.

Risicoanalyse

Risk Analysis

Systematic assessment of risks and their potential consequences.

Risicodekking

Risk Coverage

The extent to which insurance provides protection against certain risks.

Risicopremie

Risk Premium

The part of the insurance premium that compensates for risk coverage.

Risicoregeling

Roekeloosheid

Recklessness

Consciously irresponsible conduct with serious risk of damage.

Roerende zaak

Rogatoire commissie

Letters Rogatory

Request from a court to a foreign court to perform a procedural act.

Rolzitting

Roll Call Hearing

Hearing at which procedural decisions are made in civil cases.

Rome I-Verordening

Rome I Regulation

EU regulation on the applicable law to contractual obligations.

Rome II-Verordening

Rome II Regulation

EU regulation on the applicable law to non-contractual obligations.

Rompovereenkomst

Framework Agreement

Basic agreement establishing the main lines for future transactions.

Royalties

Compensation for the use of intellectual property or exploitation rights.

Royement

Striking Off

The cancellation of a registration or the termination of a membership.

Rughernia

Herniated Disc

A condition where an intervertebral disc protrudes and presses on a nerve.

Rugklachten

Back Complaints

Pain complaints in the back that may lead to personal injury claims.

Rugletsel

Back Injury

Physical damage to the back as a result of an accident or incident.

Ruiling

Exchange

Agreement whereby parties transfer things to each other.